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[sesame]

Originally Posted by Sesame

So far, we find the smallest particle to be a Photon. Its even lighter and smaller than an electron. Photons are real particles. But then, photons are different as they vibrate in different frequencies.

Originally Posted by Tread

I never heard someone was able to measure their bigness. But they can only a bit bigger then the string that form it. Their mass is 0, until someone find anti gravitation you can't find something lighter. They can be created and can be destroyed, without noticeable particles. So there must be unknown strings everywhere.

About Strings
Dear Mister Tread,
It was nice reading your little article. But you forget one tiny detail. Its the Law of conservation of matter and energy.
Matter cannot be created, nor can it be destroyed.
Similarly, Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form.
Even If you apply E=mc^2 formula, matter only gets transferred to energy. So, the sumtotal of all energy always remains the same. Now, how can you say that this most fundamental of all particles, can be created or destroyed? If its created, whence does it come? (If it originates from something else, its not the smallest one! ) If destroyed, where does it go? Bothways, its fundamental nature is proven false.

Now, about Photons:

We all know that Light is Radiant energy. By Light I include visible light and both sides of the spectrum. Radio waves with the lowest frequencies of 10^2 hertz,... microwaves 10^11 hertz... visible light 10^14 hz... UV 10^16hz... Xrays 10^19 hz....to Gamma Rays 10^20... cosmic rays 10^22hz the whole bunch! We can explain them by the wave theory as Electro Magnetic Radiation. That explains the velocity of light, reflection, refraction and so on.

But, Light can also be explained as consisting of particles, which explains Defraction and deviation of light from a straight line, while passing masses of great concentration and magnitude. Like planets, stars, black-holes. Scientists say that this happens due to the warping of the matrix around those bodies. And Photons (Light particles) follow the matrix. This my friend, can only be explained by the theory of Particles. And where there are particles, there has got to be some mass and bigness!

[randolph]

You guys are ignoring the Higgs boson, which is the fundamental particle which creates MASS in other particles. The following is from Wikipedia.

The Higgs boson particle is one quantum component of the theoretical Higgs field. In empty space, the Higgs field has an amplitude different from zero, i.e., a non-zero vacuum expectation value. The existence of this non-zero vacuum expectation plays a fundamental role: it gives mass to every elementary particle which has mass, including the Higgs boson itself. In particular, the acquisition of a non-zero vacuum expectation value spontaneously breaks electroweak gauge symmetry, which scientists often refer to as the Higgs mechanism. This is the simplest mechanism capable of giving mass to the gauge bosons while remaining compatible with gauge theories. In essence, this field is analogous to a pool of molasses that "sticks" to the otherwise massless fundamental particles which travel through the field, converting them into particles with mass which form, for example, the components of atoms.

[ila]

Originally Posted by sesame

We all know that Light is Radiant energy. By Light I include visible light and both sides of the spectrum. Radio waves with the lowest frequencies of 10^2 hertz,... microwaves 10^11 hertz... visible light 10^14 hz... UV 10^16hz... Xrays 10^19 hz....to Gamma Rays 10^20... cosmic rays 10^22hz the whole bunch! We can explain them by the wave theory as Electro Magnetic Radiation. That explains the velocity of light, reflection, refraction and so on.

Time for a lesson on the electromagnetic spectrum, Sesame.

The lowest radio waves start and 10^3 hertz. Lower frequencies are referred to as voice frequencies. Microwaves start at just below 10^9 hertz and go to just below 10^12 hertz. Visible light is just below 10^15 hertz. In between microwaves and visible light is infrared. The rest I will agree with you.

[sesame]

Originally Posted by ila

Time for a lesson on the electromagnetic spectrum, Sesame.

The lowest radio waves start and 10^3 hertz. Lower frequencies are referred to as voice frequencies. Microwaves start at just below 10^9 hertz and go to just below 10^12 hertz. Visible light is just below 10^15 hertz. In between microwaves and visible light is infrared. The rest I will agree with you.

The extremely low freq Radio waves start from 3 x 10^1 to 3 x 10^2 hz.
Ila dear, learn from brother Sesame! For a detailed knowledge of radio waves, see the picture below. :D

I knew it would come from you, Ila!
Microwaves= 3 x 10^8 to 3 x 10^11 hz
So, is 10^11 hz wrong?

Visible Light is 4 x 10^14 to 7.5 x 10^14 hz

Visible Light lies between Ultra Violet and InfraRed range.
UV lies between 10^15 to 10^17 hz. And I said 10^16 hz, so am I wrong?

So, you should agree with me all along, Ila, my friend!

[sesame]

The frequency charts for Radio waves and visible light are given below.

[ila]

Originally Posted by sesame

The extremely low freq Radio waves start from 3 x 10^1 to 3 x 10^2 hz.
Ila dear, learn from brother Sesame! For a detailed knowledge of radio waves, see the picture below. :D

I knew it would come from you, Ila!
Microwaves= 3 x 10^8 to 3 x 10^11 hz
So, is 10^11 hz wrong?

Visible Light is 4 x 10^14 to 7.5 x 10^14 hz

Visible Light lies between Ultra Violet and InfraRed range.
UV lies between 10^15 to 10^17 hz. And I said 10^16 hz, so am I wrong?

So, you should agree with me all along, Ila, my friend!

I cannot completely agree with you, sesame. Radio waves are always considered to start in the VLF range 3 - 30 khz (3 x 10^3 at the lower end). Anything below that is audio frequencies and frequencies at 3 x 10^1 and 3 x 10^2 are audible to humans.

You are right about microwaves, but your first answer only gave the upper end of microwaves. The least you could have done if you are going to quote only one number is to give the midrange.

The rest I will agree with you on. And yes, I was being picky, but only because it's fun to debate with you.

Remember sesame, tread lightly when you walk into the area of my trade.

[sesame]

Ila dear,
Please shed your majestic gaze on the above picture.
You will see, to your amazement, that Radio waves begin at 30 hertz only in the Extremely Low Frequency Range. ELF.

After that comes Ultra Low Freq beginning at 300 Hz. ULF.

After that comes Very Low Freq, starting at 3000 Hz. Its called VLF.

Refesh your info from time to time. Its very helpful.

Lots of love,
~sesame

[Tread]

Originally Posted by sesame

You will see, to your amazement, that Radio waves begin at 30 hertz only in the Extremely Low Frequency Range. ELF.

Wikipedia: Radio waves begin at 3Hz.

[Tread]

Sorry, have correct. Threre are radio waves under 3Hz, also wikipedia.

[sesame]

Originally Posted by ila

I cannot completely agree with you, sesame. Radio waves are always considered to start in the VLF range 3 - 30 khz (3 x 10^3 at the lower end). Anything below that is audio frequencies and frequencies at 3 x 10^1 and 3 x 10^2 are audible to humans.

Dear friend,
We are talking about Light here. Light is ELECTRO MAGNETIC RADIATION. It doesnt need any medium to travel through.

Sound is NOT an ELECTRO MAGNETIC RADIATION. It is only the vibration of the particles of a medium. Its a form of energy though. It cannot travel without a medium.

Human Audio range is between 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. So, even though 30Hz sound overlaps with 30 hz Radio wave, we cannot hear a radio wave, because it doesnt vibrate air.

Light and Sound are two different things.

[Tread]

Originally Posted by Tread

I never heard someone was able to measure their bigness. But they can only a bit bigger then the string that form it. Their mass is 0, until someone find anti gravitation you can't find something lighter. They can be created and can be destroyed, without noticeable particles. So there must be unknown strings everywhere.

Originally Posted by sesame

About Strings
Dear Mister Tread,
It was nice reading your little article. But you forget one tiny detail. Its the Law of conservation of matter and energy.
Matter cannot be created, nor can it be destroyed.
Similarly, Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form.
Even If you apply E=mc^2 formula, matter only gets transferred to energy. So, the sumtotal of all energy always remains the same. Now, how can you say that this most fundamental of all particles, can be created or destroyed? If its created, whence does it come? (If it originates from something else, its not the smallest one! ) If destroyed, where does it go? Bothways, its fundamental nature is proven false.

I said without noticeable (for us by now) particles, and there must be unknown strings everywhere. I meant creating out of these strings and destroyed into these strings. I had better said changes into stings and photons.
But in today measurement we can not detect strings. It seems like they are created and destroyed out of and into nothing. Not clear written by me.

I did not say photons are most fundamental of all particles. The strings are the most fundamental objects that form photons, in string theory.

Originally Posted by sesame

Now, about Photons:

We all know that Light is Radiant energy. By Light I include visible light and both sides of the spectrum. Radio waves with the lowest frequencies of 10^2 hertz,... microwaves 10^11 hertz... visible light 10^14 hz... UV 10^16hz... Xrays 10^19 hz....to Gamma Rays 10^20... cosmic rays 10^22hz the whole bunch! We can explain them by the wave theory as Electro Magnetic Radiation. That explains the velocity of light, reflection, refraction and so on.

But, Light can also be explained as consisting of particles, which explains Defraction and deviation of light from a straight line, while passing masses of great concentration and magnitude. Like planets, stars, black-holes. Scientists say that this happens due to the warping of the matrix around those bodies. And Photons (Light particles) follow the matrix. This my friend, can only be explained by the theory of Particles. And where there are particles, there has got to be some mass and bigness!

If you can explain reflection, refraction and so on fully by only using Electro Magnetic Radiation, you would know more than anyone else. This are also effects that only can explained with light as wave and particle.

Photons have no electric charge. But they carry electromagnetic force.
It could be possible that this causes the detraction of light by passing masses of great concentration and magnitude.
As long as nobody knows how gravitation, gravitons, works, we could not exclude an interaction of with zero mass photon.
It could also be possible that the photon has a mass, but then we need something new for quantum mechanics. It needs zero mass photons.
I don't know for sure, but in string theory every one calculates with zero mass photons.

If some one understands light fully or can combine quantum mechanics and general relativity, the Nobel prize is sure.

Originally Posted by randolph

Do you think the Higgs is a valid theory or is something else coming along?

You answered the most yourself with wikipedia.

The Higgs bosons (there are five kinds of it) and the Higgs field are the easiest way to explain mass. Without mass none physic theory would work.
Maybe mass is more complicated, I don't know, but something must cause the mass.

If Higgs bosons exist, we are very close (a few years) to find them in particle accelerators like the LHC (Large Hadron Collider).

[Cocks with beauty]

So Mr Sesame, ref. your assertion
" Matter cannot be created, nor can it be destroyed ",
and " Similarly, Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form "

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN MATTER MEETS ANTIMATTER ? ( The existence of both has been proved experimentally )

I'd be interested to see the theoretical Interaction Equations.

Oblige me please.