I think I have a neurosis to answer this question. I waited, cause it's not my answer threat, but I can't anymore. I'm sorry if Jenae wants to answer.
The string theory tries to explain the four fundamental interactions. To do that, it had to combine quantum mechanics and general relativity (gravitation).
The string theory is not one theory, but a bunch of similar theories with little differences. They are different approximations of the M-theory.
The theory says that the smallest parts are, not as in the standard model 0-dimensional dots, 1-dimensional strings (lines). The strings are closed or, in some theory, can be open. The different shape and the different vibration of the strings describe their properties. This vibrating strings form everything that we know. Even the vacuum is made up of strings.
The theory isn't finished or has been experimental proved. But it is on a good way to explain the world. E.g.:
The standard model gets with the big bang or black holes to gravitational singularity or spacetime singularity, cause of the 0-dimensional dots. Singularity is not defined in math. The string theory avoids this problem with the 1-dimensional strings.
Also quantum mechanics can be explained better and more logic.
If you meant the band string theory or the Star Trek novel, I can't help.
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